Thursday, January 19, 2012

2008 Retreat paper by Rev.Dr. Luke Sui Kung Ling

SOME HIGHLIGHTS ON BUDDHISM


Paper Presentation at Chin Christian Fellowship Retreat

(29-31 December 2008)


Biahmaitthi


Tutan hi Buddhism chung ah a biapi deuhdeuh ka ti mi chim kaa tim. Kawlram cu Buddhist biaknak ram kan si bantuk in Krifami nih, abik in cawnpiaktu le hruaitu rian a ttuanmi hna nih kan ram pumpi biaknak a simi Buddhism hi a hlurpi deuhdeuh tal theih a hau tiah ka ruah. Kawlram minung million 55 leng kan si cang i cu chung ah 7% lawng Krifa kan si rih ca ah Kawlram mipi tamdeuh sining le nunning hrimhrim hi Krifa mi nih theih ve kan herh hrimhrim mi a si.

Kawlram chungah Buddhist milu hi 90% hrawng an si. Hi 90% minung sin ah mission rian ttuan hi Pathian pekmi rian ah ruahkhawh a si. Vawlei cungah rian ngeihlo hi a harbik mi a si. Rian ngeihlo ahcun nunkhawh zong a si lo. Kawlram Krihfa mi cu rianttuan awk tampi kan ngei ca ah kan van a ttha. Kan kehram ah Pathian fialmi rian (mission rian) ttuan awk kan ngeih i lawmh ngai awk kan si. Krihfa mi nih kan rianttuanning tu hi ruahhau ngai in a um. Cucaah hi 90% Buddhists chungah zeitindah rian kan ttuan lai, zeilam le zumhning in dah kan thawk, kan ttuan lai timi pawl muisam le tungtlang hna hngalhkhawhnak bomtu hmete tal si hram seh tiah hi hi paper nih ruahchannak a ngei.



Introduction


Buddhism hi biafang tawibik in chim ahcun “the study of Dhamma” kan ti hnga. Original Pali holh ah Buddhism cu “Dhamma” tinak a si. Mirang holh in direct meaning a um lo nain a sullam bik cu doctrine itlaih (to uphold the doctrine) ti a si. Dhrama sullam cu thil/doctrine a um taktak mi (that which really is) ti a si. Cucu doctrine/zumhning hman “the Doctrine of Reality”, harnak chungin luatnak lam “a means of Deliverance from Suffering” a si tiah hrilhfiah a si.1

A tlangpi in Buddhism cu tthenthum ah tthen a si. Hi tthentthum hna chungah bu hmetete le zumhning le kalpining dangtete an ngei cio tthan dih. Cawnpiakning le doctrine zoh in a biapi bik tthenthum hna cu: Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana hna an si. Mahayana Buddhism hi Japan le Tuluk ram ah tambik an um i Pure Land Buddhism le Zen Buddhism tiah hngalh a si. Vajrayana Buddhism cu Tibetan Buddhism ti zong a si. Tibet ram hrawnghrang bik an biaknak a si. Tantra Buddhim ti zong in hngalh a si. Dalai Lama zong hi Tantra Buddhism hruaitu a si. Theravada Buddhism cu Hinayana Buddhism ti zong in ti a si i South East Asia ram hna biaknak ti khawh a si. Original, Orthodox Buddhism ti zong in ruah a si i Pali Canon tahnak sangbik ah aa tlaihmi a si.2

A tawinak bik in chim ahcun Buddhism cu the study of the nature of Reality tikhawh a si. Philosophical doctrine pali (Four Noble Truth) hi a thawknak le a donghnak a si. Buddhism cu the practice of life (by means of following Kamma) a si i suffering in luat i zeihmanh a um tilonak nibbana phaknak ding aa zuammi biaknak a si.


Kawlram Buddhism


Kawlram Buddhist biaknak cu Theravada (Hinayana) Buddhism a si. Buddhist biaknak hrampibik le a fekbik a dirpitu kan si tiah an i ruat. Buddhist historians chimning ah Theravada Buddhism hi Siddhartha Guatama (Gautama Buddha) a thih kum 100 hnu ah a chuak. Buddhist monk cheukhat nih Gautama Buddha a nun lio i cawnpiaknak (Vinaya = Monks nih zulhding phung) doctrine an thurhomh tiah an ruah ca ah tonnak an rak ngei. Cucun Vinaya cu an tharchuah i Theravada (“Doctrine of the Elders”) tiah a hung chuak.3


Sacred or Revered Texts: Gautama Buddha cawnpiaknak hi cattial in a rak um lo. Saupi tuanbia in rak ngeih a si (transmitted in oral tradition). Ca in an ttial tikah phuhnih in a chuak: Pali canon of the Theravada tradition (written down in Sri Lanka around the middle of the 1st century BCE) le Sanskrit of the northern Mahayana tradition. Pali Canon cu tthenthum komh (three baskets) a si i Tripitaka ti a si. Basket pathum hna cu: (1) The Sutra Pitaka - the discourses of the Buddha. (2) The Vinaya Pitaka - accounts on the origin of the Sangha and the rules of monastic discipline. (3) The Abhidharma Pitaka - scholastic treatises on Buddhist psychology and philosophy. Hi three baskets (Tripitaka) hi Theravada Buddhist doctrine an fehternak le an zohkhenhnak suttung bik (sacred texts) cu a si. Mahayana Buddhists nihcun Tripitaka hi a tling lo an ti ca ah cang (shastras) tampi an chap.4

Nihin kan chan ah hin Nitlaklei minung pawl nih hi Theravada Buddhism hi an uar chin lengmang. Zeicahtiah doctrine hman le reality taktak philosophically in a kan hmuhsaktu a si tiah an ruah. Cucaah Kawlram International Buddhist sianginn ah Nitlaklei minung tampi an kai ti a si. Theravada Buddhism a semnak hrampibik Sri Lanka ram Buddhism hmanh hi original a si ti lo tiah an ruah.



Buddhist Councils


Buddhism doctrine le practices fehternak ca ah Council voi 6 an ngei. Voi 3-nak tiang hi cu Buddhists zapi (Buddhism as a whole) komh in tuah a si. Voi 4-nak thawk in Theravada le adang bu pawl in an i tthen. Voi 5-nak le voi 6-nak cu Theravada Council lawng in cattialtu nih an langhter cang.

First Council cu 544 B.C. ah an tuah. Sangha dihlak i a fimbikbik Arahat 500 an rak i pum.5 Sangha Rule (Phungki sianginn phung) an thar chuah i an rak fehter. Vinaya (Monks zulhding) zong an thar chuah.

Voi 2-nak council cu Voi 1-nak Council hnu kum 100 ah an tuah. Arahats 700 an kai. Monks pawl nih an zulhlo mi phung pahra (Ten minor rules) an fehter tthan.6

Voi 3-nak Council cu 326 BC ah an tuah. Elder Moggaliputta Tissa nih a hruai hna i Emperor Asoka nih a bomh/support. Monk 100 an kai. Sangha rules biatak tein an zoh tthan i phungki deu (bogus monks) pawl tampi an rak chuah hna.7 Hi lio tan ah Theraavāda Abhidhamma Pitaka (the fifth of the seven books of the Abhidhamma Pitaka) an rak chuah. Hi Third Council a biapit khunnak cu Emperor Asoka ttanpinak he Buddhist missionary ramkip ah an rak thlah hna—nitlak lei Greek ram tiang.8 Hi missionary hna nih an phaknak kip ah Buddhist sianginn an dirh. Minthangbik cu Sri Lanka a kalmi missionary Mahinda a si. Amah derhmi sianginn le cawnpiaknak cu nihin Theravada Buddhism hrampibik a si.9

Voi 4-nak Council cu phunhnih in an tuah. Theravada Buddhists nih Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) ah BC kumzabu dongh ah an tuah. Monk 501 an kai. Hitan ah hin tuanbia in an rak kenmi Pali Canon cu hmasabik cattial in an chiah khawh.10

Adang Fourth Council cu Sarvastivada tradition tonnak a si. Kushan emperor Kanishka hruainak in 100 CE, Kashmir ah an tuah. Bhikkhus (monks) 500 an kai i Adhidharma texts Prakrit holh (vernacular languages) in a ummi kha Sanskrit in an leh. Kum 12 an rau. Sarvastivada pawl hi an karh ti lo nain an traditions pawl Mahayana Buddhism nih a lak/co.11

Voi 5-nak Council cu 1871 ah Mandalay, Burma, King Mindon chan ah an tuah. Monk 2400 an kai i Buddha cawnpiaknak vialte detail in an zoh tthan, an rel tthan dih i thla 5 an rau. Hi tan ah hin Kawlholh in Tripitaka lungca (marble slabs) 729 an ttial i vawleicung ah a nganbik cauk a si. Hi council cu ramdang nih recognize an tuah lo.12

Voi 6-nak Council cu Kaba Aye, Rangoon ah 1954 kum ah an tuah. Kawl cozah nih an bomh. U Nu Prime Minister a ttuan lio a si. Gautama Buddha a thih hnu kum 2498 nak a si, ti a si.13 A hlan councils bantuk in Buddha Dhamma le Vinaya tthiamtthiam an zoh tthan, an chek tthan i an fehter tthan. Cawnnak sang a ngeimi Theravada monks 2500 an i pum—Burma, Cambodia, India, Laos, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand ram hna in. Hi lio tan hruaitu bik cu Mahasi Sayadaw le Bhadanta Vicittasarabhivamsa an si. Hi council hin, kum 2 a rauh hnu ah Kawl cafang in Tripitaka le commentaries pawl May 1956 ah an ttial khawh.14


The Doctrine of Dhamma


Hi kong hi Buddhism ah a biapi ngaimi a si pin ah a kau, a ngan ngai fawn. Buddhism cu the study of Dhamma a si kan ti cang (Dhamma in Pali, Dharma in Sanskrit). Dhamma cu truth, law, the principle of righteousness a si. Cucaah Buddhists nih zeibantuk Supreme Being hmanh an bia lo, hi Dhamma tu hi zulh ding a si.15

Dhamma cu darkhing nganpi bantuk a si. Darkhing cu dinte in na tuk ahcun dinte in a ring lai. Fakpi in na tuk ahcun fakpi a ring lai. Sihmanhsehlaw, na tuk lo ahcun zei aw hmanh a ring lai lo.16 Cubantuk cun Dhamma kan zulh lo ahcun zeihmanh lo a si ve.

Dhamma hngalhnak ding ah doubt na ngei lai ti a si. Doubt ngeih lo ahcun thil theihkhawh a si lo. Doubt tlawmte lawng na ngeih ahcun tlawmte lawng na theih lai. Tampi na ngeih ahcun tampi na theih lai. Sihmanhsehlaw doubt na ngeih lo ahcun zeihmanh na thei lai lo.

Dhamma cu universe pi i thil sining vialte ah hin hmuhkhawh a si. Nika, thlapa le arfi hna an chuah le an tlak, khuacan aa thlen, ruahsur, cinthlak vialte an keuh in an theipar dongh tiang, tbt. vialte sining hna khi Dhamma ruangah a si. Dhamma is the true nature of every existing thing, animate and inanimate.17

Dhamma doctrine ning cun, a hmunmi zeihmanh a um lo (all existence as impermanent and substanceless). Zei thil poah hi aa thleng lengmang (All existence is a process which continues without a break, constantly renewing itself). Cucaah nunnak sullam (the true nature of existence) cu: (1) Impermanent (annica), (2) Substanceless (anatta), and (3) Suffering (dukkha). Hi sinak (suffering) in luatkhawhnak ding hi biapi a si. Bad Karma vialte detach a tuahmi nih saint, Arahat an s ii bondage vialte in a luat mi an si hrinnak le thihnak in an luat.18 [free from all bondage of the cycle of birth and death]



The Doctrine of Karma


Kamma in Pali (Karma in Sanskrit) sullam cu tuahmi “action” a si. Kan tuahmi thil vialte (mentally, verbally, physically). Cucaah Kamma ttha le Kamma chia tiah tthen a si (Kusala, Akusala, Cetana). Thilttha tuah ahcun thilttha, thiltthalo tuah ahcun thiltthalo na hmuh lai. “Na tuh bang na zun lai” (by Jesus) he aa khat ko. Good gets good. Evil gets evil. This is the law of Kamma.19

Kamma phunthum in tthen a si. (1) Bodily action (Kayakamma): Kusala Kamma and Akusala Kamma; (2) Verbal action (Vacikamma); and (3) Mental action (Manokamma). Hi Karma phunthum hi minung nunnak ah dihlak he aa pehtlai mi a si. Duhnak “volition” in aa sem/thawk mi a si. A ngaingai ti ahcun Kamma nih zeizong vialte hi a tlaih dih (Kamma conditions all beings to be inferior or superior). 20

Kamma cu van le thluachuah he aa pehtlai lo. Nihin tuahmi nih hmailei can ca tiang bia a ngeih. Pumpak cio nih atu (nihin) caan lawng hi canttha bik kan ngeihmi a si. Mah tuahmi, mah nih result hmuhmi bak te a si (it is one’s own doing reacting on oneself).21

Buddha chimmi Kamma result (in Culakammavibanga Sutta):


  1. Mithat lainawng cu an nun a tawi.

  2. Mithah lainawn aa sum mi cu an nun a sau.

  3. Mi a hremtu hna cu zawtnak fak nih a tlunh hna.

  4. Mi a hrem aa sum mi cu an ngan a dam.

  5. Mi thintawi cu an mui a chia.

  6. Mi nunttha cu an i dawh.

  7. Mizawn a ruat lo mi cu midang an tei/influence kho hna lo.

  8. Mizawn a ruat mi cu midang an tei/influence khawh hna.

  9. Nun a sianglo (not giving arms) mi cu sifak an si a fak.

  10. Nun a siang mi cu an rum (are born rich).

  11. Aa porhlaw mi cu mi nunniam (low lineage) an si.

  12. Aa tangdor mi cu mi nunsang (high lineage) an si.

  13. A ttha le a chia a zohhlat pengmi cu mifim an si (born intelligent).

  14. A ttha le a chia a zohhlat lomi cu mihrut an si (born without intelligence).22


Kamma cu “the process of cause and effect” a si. “What one’s receives is the result of what one’s has done [Samyutta Nikaya]. Cucaah mah pumpak hi biapi bik a si. We build our own hells. We create our own heavens. We are the architects of our own fate. In short we ourselves are our own kamma.23 People become ugly or receive outer blemishes because they carried out unfriendly activities in earlier lives.24 Kamma a sem/thawknak hruhnak (ignorance) le duhnak (craving) in a si. Hi ruangah kamma ttha le kamma chia a chuak.


Theravada Buddhism zumhnak ah Buddha enlightened a si lio zanthum tiang a hmuhmi a um. Zankhatnak ah Buddha nih a liamcia mi nunnak a hngalh tthan dih (he remembered innumerable previous lives. Zanhnihnak ah minung nih thih hnu ah an tuhmi cio an hmuh tthan kha a hmuh. Kamma ttha le chia an tuahmi ning cio in an zun. Zanthumnak ah tukforhnak pathum (three basic evils) kha a hmuh i cu teikhawhnak lam zong a hmuh chih. Level pathum hna cu, sensory desire, ambition, le ignorance hna an si.25

Harnak (suffering) hi nunnak he aa tthen lo mi a si i Kamma he aa tlai peng ve. Suffering in luatkhawhnak ding ah Middle Way (Noble Eight-fold Path) hi lamtthabik a si a ti. Middle Way cu: Right Beliefs, Right Decisions, Right Words, Right Deeds, Right Life, Right Striving, Right Thinking, Right Meditating an si.


Dependent Origination


Cause and Condition um lawng ah Effect a um. Thil zeihmanh amah te in a um kho lo. An i tlai dih. An i tlaih hnu lawng ah theipar a tlai, hmual a ngei. Cucu Cause & Condition a si. Cause hi primary a si i Condition hi secondary a si. Eg. Thlaici cu “Cause” a si i ti, non, thili, nitlang pawl hi condition an si. Thlaici lawng in a bomtu um lo in a si kho lo. Condition (a bomtu) lawng in effect a chuak kho ve lo. Cucaah cause & condition thil vialte sining langhtertu universal principle a si.26 [The Law of Cause and Effect is the fundamental principle that underlies all phenomena]

Six principles of the Law of Cause and Effect: (1) Effects arise from causes, (2) Temporary appearances depend on causes and conditions, (3) Events depend on the Law of Cause and Effect, (4) Many come from one, (5) Existence relies on emptiness, and (6) a Buddha comes from a human being.

Krihfa biaknak le zumhnak zong ah Zumhnak le tuahnak he kan tahchunh hnga. Zumhnak hi Cause a si hnga i Tuahnak hi Condition a si hnga.



The Four Noble Truths


The Four Noble Truths, dependent origination, and the Three Dhamma Seals are the most basic principles of Buddhist doctrine.

(1) The first Truth, the truth of the existence of suffering driven by afflictions.

(2) The second Truth, the truth of the causes of suffering, originated in greed, anger, and ignorance—also known as the three poisons.

(3) The third Truth, the truth of the cessation of suffering. It is a state beyond greed, anger, ignorance, and suffering—nirbbana.

(4) The third Truth, the truth of the path leading to the cessation of suffering—i.e., Noble Eightfold Path.

The first two steps in Noble Eightfold Path are called the Higher Wisdom—Right Understanding and Right-Mindedness. The next steps are known as Ethical Discipline—Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Livelihood. And the final three steps are known as Mental Discipline—Right Efforts, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration.27



Faith in Buddhism


Buddhism cu Dhamma cawn le zulh a si kan ti cang. Phundang in chim ahcun thinlung hman le dirhmun hman kawl a si. Mah le mah sining fiangte in hngalhnak ngeihkhawhnak lam a si. Cucaah zumhnak hi biapi ngai a si. Dr. Yat-sen (1866-1925), father of China Republic nih “Faith is strength” a ti. Faith is the origin of the way and the mother of all virtues. It nourishes all good roots” (The Flower Ornament Sutra).28

Dhamma cu rilipi bantuk a si ca ah zumhnak he lawng a chung luhkhawh a si. Tuanbia pakhat in fianter mi cu hitin a si. Hlan ah nutar (old woman) Buddhist Dhamma theih a duh ngaimi a um. Buddhist kong a thei set lo mi layman pa nih chatting tuahding a chimh—“Om Mani Padme Um” tiah. A theihfian ve lo ca ah “Hum” timi kha “Um” tiah a chimh. Cuning cun minu nihcun “Om Mani Padme Um” tiah kum saupi a chim/sak i a hnu ahcun a rel lio i thol chung ah a sanh tawn mi bean pawl kha anmah te in an lut. Char hau ti lo in. Cutluk cun a zumhnak in thil a hung si.

Sihmanhsehlaw phungki pa nih na sakmi na palh tiah a chimh tikah kum mahzat chung cu maw ka palh cang a ti i a palhnak a remh hnu ah hmante in “Om Mani Padme Hum” tiah a sak nain bean pawl cu anmah tein thol chungah an lut ti lo. Hi tuanbia ah “Um” le “Hum” kha biapi a si lo zia le zumhnak tu biapi a si zia a lang.



Similarities

1. The biographies of Buddha and Christ.
- Khuaruahhar hmelchunhnak he an chuak veve (born in a miraculous way)
- An chuahka ah milianngan an si lai tiah mifim nih an chim (by Asita, Simeon)
- An hngakchiat lio hrim in an sayate hmanh khuaruahhar in an tuah hna
- Sehtan nih a tukforh veve hna
- Ticung ah an kal veve (//Jataka//, 190; //Matth.//, 14, 26)
- Rawl an karhter i minung 500 le 5,000 an dangh veve (//Jataka//, 78; //Mark//, 14, 16ff.)
- Tahchunhnak an chimmi an i lo (i.e. the sower—Matt// 13,3; the prodigal son (//Lotus of the Good Law//, Chap. IV; //Lk.//, 14); of the widow's mite (//Kalpanamanditika//; //Mark// 12).

2. An ethics "Golden Rule" ah an bunh veve.
Buddha told the Brahmins and householders of a certain village as follows: "A lay-follower reflects thus: How can I inflict upon others what is unpleasant to me?' On account of that reflection, he does not do any evil to others, and he also does not cause others to do so" (//Samyutta// 55, 7). And Jesus says in the Sermon on the Mount: "Therefore, all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do so to them; for this is the law and the prophets" (//Matth.// 7, 12; //Lk.// 6, 31) -- this being, by the way, a teaching which, in negative formulation, was already known to the Jewish religion (//Tob.// 15, 4).


3. An tuanbia umtuning le tthanning zong an i lo.
An chuahnak ram ah an sunglawi lo, zultu zong an tam lo—ramleng tu ah zultu an karh veve. Buddha (Indo-Aryan) nih India in a thok nain zultu ½ million hmanh an si lo. Jesuh (Jew) zong nih Palestine in a thawk ve nain tlawmte lawng an si ve.


Defferences


Buddhism nih a tanglei Krifa zumhnak pawl hi a pom lo.
1- Pathian (A transcendent or immanent or any type of God).
 2- Eden dum le sualnak (The Garden of Eden, and a subsequent fall of humanity)
3- Original sin (shared by all present-day humans, derived from Adam and Eve)
4- Khamhnak (The need for a personal savior whose death enabled individual salvation)
 5- Jesuh Pathian sinak le minung sinak le virgin birth, thawhtthannak

6- Velngeihnak thawngin khamhnak hmuh
7- Thlacamnak hmual (The power of prayer)
8- Thih hnu zungzal nunnak (Eternal life heaven or hell after death)
9- Krih rat tthannak (Return of the savior to earth at some time in the future)
10- Vawlei can donghnak (An end of the world as we know it in the near future)


KRIFA MISSION ZEITINDAH KAN LUHPI LAI?


Kan chimcang mi Buddhist cawnpiaknak le zumhnak pawl ruatkemh le zohchih in zeitindah Pathian rian lohma kan lak lai timi hi biapi ngai a si. Krihfami nih Buddhists kan hmuhning hna le kan pehtlaihning hna zong biapi ngai a si. Kan ihmuhning le kan ipehtlaihnak a tthat hnu lawng ah rian kan ttuan kho lai. An sin kan um kho lai, an chung kan lut kho lai i kan duhmi kan pekkhawh hna lai. Cucaah an sin kan luhning le mission rian kan ttuannak ah zei lam dah kan hman lai timi hi biapi ngai a si. Kan mission rian muru le hmuitinh zeidah a si lai?

Thawngtthabia chimh maw kan rianpibik a si lai?

Krihfa cazin ah luhter le Church sakpiak dah a si lai?

Social le Humanitarian rian va ttuanpiak dah a si lai?

Nunphung le phungphai cawnpiak le serpiak dah a si lai?

Fimnak chimh le sianginn sakpiak dah a si lai?


Kan chimcang bantuk in Buddhist zumhnak cu Krihfa zumhnak he aa ralkah ngaimi a si. Krih nunnak taktak an ilak khawhnak ding ca ah zeitindah kan fuh hna lai? “Na pathian cu a thi, zeihmanh lo a si ca ah a nung mi ka Pathian hi zum” ti hna usih law an ilak kho lai maw? “Velngeihnak thawngin khamhnak hmuh a si” tiah pe hna usih law an ilak kho lai maw?...etc. An ilak kho lai lo, an cohlan awk zong a har ngai lai.

Cucaah kan ikhahlonak zon in silo in kan ikhahnak zon in ikomh hmansa le bia iruahkhawh hmasa a hau. Kan langhter mi Buddhists zumnak (faith in Buddhism) le Kamma an zumhning hna hi Krihfa zumhnak le nunzia cawnpiaknak he iruahtti khawh ngai mi an si. Cutin bia kan iruahkhawh hnu tu ah Krih cawnpiaknak taktak kha chimh le pekkhawh an si lai. Hi level ah hin “dialogue” method hmual ngeibik a si lai tiah ka zumh.


MBC motto ah “Christ for Myanmar”, “Myanmar for Christ” ti a si. Hi bia theipar tlaiding ah Krihfa kan mission zeitindah kan ttuan lai?

What is Christian Missions? Christian missions is following Christ’s call: sharing the Gospel with the lost world through God’s wisdom and strength. In sum, Christian mission is:29

  1. Obeying Christ, based on the Great Commission—Mt 28:19-20.

  2. Sharing Christ, based on the Great Commission—Mt 28:19, and

  3. Relying on Christ. God will work through the hearts of the sinners (2 Cor 5:20-21)


Krihfa rian cu midang sin/ca ah Krih tehte si, Krih kong hngalhter, Krih zultu siter, Krih sinak pek (Witnessing, Proclaiming, Making disciples of Christ, etc.) a si kan ti lai.

Krifa biaknak cu mission a ttuanmi biaknak a si bantuk in Krifa mi vialte nih mission rian kan ttuan cio (awk a si). Mission rianttuan ti tikah ttuanning lam tampi a um. Nihin Kawlram Krifa kan mission rian cu Krih kong chim le Krihfabu derh bik a si. Krih zultu taktak an si lo bu pi in Krihfa ah kan khumh hna i Krihfabu dirh a herh rih lonak hmun zong ah Krifabu dirh le biakinn sak hna hi ka rianttuanning bik a si. Cucu Krih fial mi rian taktak a si lo.

Jesuh Krih nih a kan fialmi rian taktak cu “Amah nunnak taktak pek” rian kha a si. A min men va thanh le va chim sawhsawh kha a si lo. A nunning taktak (Christ-like life) tu chimh le hrawmhter kha a si. Phundang in chim ahcun “Zultu taktak ah siter/ser” kha a si. Krih nawl pekmi ngaih/zulh buin Krih nun hrawmh le Krih ah 100% hngatchannak he kan mission rian cu ttuan awk a si.

Krih min men phuan le share ding a si lo. A nunnak taktak tu kha hrawmh ding a si (Jn 17:3). Nominal Christians nak in Anonymous Christians zultu taktak an si. Phundang in chim ahcun a minmen lawng Krifa sinak cun Krihfa a silo nain Krih cawnpiak mi nunnak a ngei mi pawl khi Krih zultu taktak cu an si (ref. Rom 2: ).

Cucaah Gandhi zong nih Krifa mi sin ah Krih cawnpaiknak le nunnak a um lo. Krihfa biakinn zong ah Jesuh a um lo a ti phahnak kha a si. Kan theih bantuk in India ram cu Hindu biaknak ram a si. Missionary Jones nih Gandhi kha zeitindah India ram ah rianttuan ning law a tthat bik lai tiah a hal lio ah Gandhi nih a lehmi cu, “Krih nun ilak ding in cawnpiak hna” (“Be a little more like your Jesus”) tiah a rak ti.


Hi biatlang he pehtlai in tampi ttial awk a um ko nain iruahtinak (discussion) tu in caan kan hman deuh lai.


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Buddhism in a glance

Top 20 by population on the left and by percentage on the right.


Rank

Country

Buddhist Population

Buddhists %

Country

Buddhists %

Buddhist Population

1

China

277,588,896 - 1,057,481,510

21% - 80%

Mongolia

98%

2,816,644

2

Japan

122,369,253

96%

Bhutan

97%

2,250,014

3

Vietnam

74,268,750

85%

Cambodia

96.5%

13,938,460

4

Thailand

61,814,742

95%

Japan

96%

122,369,253

5

Burma

43,918,200

90%

China

95.5%

22,131,451

6

South Korea

23,531,874

48%

Laos

95%

6,195,898

7

Taiwan

22,131,451

95.5%

Thailand

95%

61,814,742

8

Sri Lanka

16,050,484

76.7%

Hong Kong

93%

6,701,580

9

North Korea

15,106,650

63.5%

Burma

90%

43,918,200

10

Cambodia

13,938,460

96.5%

Vietnam

85%

74,268,750

11

India

12,274,668

1.05%

Macau

85%

408,850

12

Hong Kong

6,701,580

93%

China

21% - 80%

277,588,896 - 1,057,481,510

13

Laos

6,195,898

95%

Sri Lanka

76.7%

16,050,484

14

Nepal

6,069,376

21%

North Korea

63.5%

15,106,650

15

United States

6,039,800

2%

Singapore

61%

2,777,335

16

Malaysia

5,970,800

22%

South Korea

48%

23,531,874

17

Indonesia

5,397,962

2.3%

Malaysia

22%

5,970,800

18

Mongolia

2,816,644

98%

Nepal

21%

6,069,376

19

Singapore

2,777,335

61%

Brunei

14.4%

54,600

20

Philippines

2,276,932

2.5%

United Arab Emirates

5%

219,000

URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_by_country


Glance of Adherents of Religions


Buddhism by Region: (http://en.wikipedia.org 28 October 2008)

Africa 0.012%

Asia 17.936% to 37.196%

Europe 13.055%

Americas 0.866%

Oceania 1.695%

The whole world 7.335% to 10.348%


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1 Narada Mahathera, Buddhism in a Nut-shell (Buddhist Publication Society, 1982). Accessed to Insight edition, 1995. URL: http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/narada/nutshell.html.

2 “What is Theravada Buddhism?” by Dr. V. A. Gunasekara in UrbanDhama.org, URL: http://www.urbandharma.org/udharma3/theravada.html.

3 What is Theravada Buddhism?

4 Sociology of Religious Behavior, University of Virginia… Spring Term, 2000. URL: http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/buddhism.html.

5 Venerable Dr. Rewata Dhamma, “Buddhist Councils” in UrbanDharma.org, URL: http://www.urbandharma.org/udharma/councils.html. See also U Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of the Buddha: Basic Level (Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar: Ministry of Religious Affairs, 1997, p. 221.

6 Kenneth W. Morgan, The Path of the Buddha: Buddhism Interpreted by Buddhists (New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1956), p. 36.

7 “Buddhist councils” in UrbanDharma.org, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_councils. See also Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of the Buddha, pp. 222.

8 “Buddhist councils” in UrbanDharma.org, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_councils

9 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, p. 38.

10 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, p. 38. See also Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of Buddha, p. 222.

11 URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Buddhist_council. Also in Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, pp. 38-39.

12 “Buddhist Councils, at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_councils#_note-4#_note-4. Mendelson, Sangha and State in Burma, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 1975, pages 276f. See also U Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of the Buddha: Basic Level, p. 224.

13 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, p. 38. Also Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of the Buddha, pp. 225-226.

14 “Buddhist sixth council”.

15 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, p. 67.

16 Venerable Master Hsing Yun trans. Pey-Rong Lee and Mu-Tzen Hsu, The Core Teachings: Buddhist Practice and Progress 1 (Hacienda Heights, CA: Buddha’s Light Publishing, 2006), p. 11.

17 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, p. 67.

18 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, pp. 24-25.

20 U Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of the Buddha: Basic Level, pp. 184-185.

21 Morgan, The Path of the Buddha, p. 85.

22 Nyunt Maung, The Teachings of Buddha, pp. 185-186.

23 Narada Mahathera, Buddhism in a Nut-shell (Buddhist Publication Society, 1982). Accessed to Insight edition, 1995. URL: http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/narada/nutshell.html (Accessed on 9 November 2007).

24 Trutz Hardo, The Karma Handbook: Reincarnation and Healing (Mumbai, India: Jaico Publishing House, 2006), p. 12.

25 Trutz Hardo, The Karma Handbook: Reincarnation and Healing (Mumbai, India: Jaico Publishing House, 2006), p. 11.

26 Master Hsing Yun, The Core Teachings: Buddhist Practice and Progress 1, pp. 15-16.

27 Kenneth W. Morgan (ed.), The Path of the Buddha: Buddhism Interpreted by Buddhists (New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1956), p. 28.

28 Master Hsing Yun, The Core Teachings: Buddhist Practice and Progress 1, pp. 10.

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